Changes to Hazard Mitigation Funding Under Trump Administration
The Trump administration has initiated significant reductions to a federal program crucial for disaster preparedness, impacting initiatives designed to shield homes and public facilities from natural calamities.
Overview of the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
Since its establishment in 1989, the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) has served as a primary source of funding for states to enhance their resilience against disasters such as hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes. Managed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), this program has provided nearly $18 billion to help safeguard 185,000 properties across various states, including Florida, California, and Missouri.
- Funding has supported projects like the demolition of flood-prone homes and the installation of tornado-safe rooms.
- Approximately $11 billion has been allocated to strengthen critical infrastructure, including medical facilities and transportation systems.
Impact of Recent Policy Changes
In April 2020, President Trump halted new approvals for allocations from HMGP, a move that has raised concerns among state officials and disaster preparedness advocates. Anna Weber, a senior policy analyst at the Natural Resources Defense Council, emphasized the program’s vital role in building resilience rather than just focusing on recovery. She stated, “Instead of just rebuilding, we’re building resilience so we’re preventing future damages, deaths and injuries.”
This decision aligns with Trump’s broader efforts to reduce federal disaster spending, which includes the cancellation of another significant FEMA program that swiftly raised alarms among stakeholders. Senators Tim Kaine and Mark Warner from Virginia highlighted their concerns, arguing that such cuts jeopardize resources needed to combat increasing extreme weather events.
Unique Aspects of Recent Decisions
Notably, in a move considered unprecedented, Trump denied Virginia Governor Glenn Youngkin’s request for hazard mitigation funding despite approving aid for flood recovery in the state. This marked the first time in 27 years that a president has refused such a request while sanctioning a disaster aid package. The pattern has continued in subsequent disaster declarations, suggesting a consistent reevaluation of how such funding is allocated.
FEMA’s Internal Recommendations
FEMA’s acting administrator, Cameron Hamilton, conveyed a recommendation to the White House, indicating that not all disaster declarations should automatically include HMGP funding. In a memo dated April 12, Hamilton noted that a “review and redesign of mitigation grant programs” might be forthcoming, hinting at further adjustments to disaster aid policies.
Implications for States and Communities
States now face the challenge of adjusting to these new guidelines while maintaining their strategies for disaster resilience. Experts warn that while some states may have funds approved but unspent, such as North Carolina’s substantial allocation following Hurricane Helene, the systemic cuts could lead to reduced overall capacity for effective community protection against future disasters.
According to Kelly McKinney, a former deputy commissioner of New York City Emergency Management, states may not be able to fill the funding gaps left by federal cuts, especially given the lack of robust advocacy networks for mitigation programs.
Conclusion
The alterations to the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program reflect a significant shift in federal disaster funding strategy, emphasizing the need for communities to adapt. As the Trump administration continues to evaluate FEMA’s role and funding mechanisms, future developments in hazard mitigation and disaster preparedness remain uncertain.
